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Australia

Visa library

Reference guides to the Australian visa subclasses this practice advises on. Each page records the date its content was last verified and cites the official sources it draws on.

Skilled

  • Skilled Independent visa (subclass 189)

    A permanent visa for skilled workers who qualify entirely on their own points — no employer, state, or family sponsorship. Invitation-based: you lodge an Expression of Interest and wait to be invited in a competitive round.

  • Skilled Nominated visa (subclass 190)

    A permanent visa for skilled workers nominated by an Australian state or territory. Nomination adds 5 points, and applications must satisfy both the Commonwealth criteria and the nominating state's own requirements.

  • Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 491)

    A five-year provisional visa for skilled workers nominated by a state or territory for a regional area, or sponsored by an eligible family member living in one. Adds 15 points, requires regional residence, and leads to permanent residence through subclass 191.

  • How the skilled migration points test works

    The General Skilled Migration points test scores your age, English, experience, education, and other factors. 65 is the legal pass mark; invitations go to the highest-ranked candidates, so the practical bar sits well above it.

Employer-sponsored

  • Employer Nomination Scheme visa (subclass 186)

    A permanent visa for skilled workers nominated by an Australian employer — either directly or after a qualifying period on a subclass 482. Permanent residence from grant, for you and included family.

  • Skills in Demand visa (subclass 482)

    A temporary visa for skilled workers sponsored by an approved Australian employer, with streams by salary level and a defined pathway to permanent residence. Approval is required at three stages: the sponsoring business, the nominated position, and the visa applicant.

Partner & family

  • Partner visa — offshore (subclasses 309/100)

    The offshore partner visa: apply from outside Australia, with subclass 309 (provisional) granted first and subclass 100 (permanent) assessed about two years from lodgement. The common route for couples where one partner is in India.

  • Partner visa — onshore (subclasses 820/801)

    The onshore partner visa: a combined application where subclass 820 (temporary) is granted first and subclass 801 (permanent) is assessed about two years later. For spouses and de facto partners of Australian citizens, permanent residents, and certain other eligible sponsors, applying from inside Australia.

Refusals & reviews

  • Visa refusals, ART review, and re-application strategy

    A refusal is not necessarily the end of the road, but the steps taken immediately afterwards, and their timing, largely determine what remains possible. Merits review at the ART runs to strict deadlines, and re-applying without understanding the refusal usually repeats it.